Today -100: August 4, 1926: The Church will refuse to listen

Bishop Pascual Díaz, Secretary of the Mexican Episcopate responds to reports that the Church is seeking unconditional mediation with the Mexican government. No, he says, there will be no mediation unless the government revokes or suspends all its laws and decrees on religious stuff; “Otherwise the Church will refuse to listen.” Wow. “The government is trying to corrupt the Church and we refuse to permit it.”

A US Navy court of inquiry decides that the Lake Denmark, New Jersey naval depot explosions last month were no one’s fault, it was an act of God, with the lightning and all. Nonsense, the depots were too close together and set off a chain reaction.

The British send an ultimatum to the Nizam of Hyderabad demanding that British officials be given key posts in the princely state. They’re claiming massive corruption.

Mussolini issues a decree banning non-Fascist intellectual, charitable or sporting public events.

Don't see comments? Click on the post title to view or post comments.

Today -100: August 3, 1926: Of national sovereignty, piety, and war bread

British Foreign Secretary Sir Austen Chamberlain defends the British-Italian pact establishing zones of influence in Abyssinia. He claims his Lake Tsana plans were more or less approved by the late Emperor Menelik; whether he has any proof of this is unclear. He will tell the League of Nations that the pact doesn’t involve any question of national sovereignty, which isn’t complete bullshit at all.

After several incidents of non-Catholics visiting the Vatican refusing to kneel before the pope, applicants for an audience will be questioned about their intentions and levels of piety.

Mussolini asks Italians to help the financial situation by eating “war bread,” with a maximum of 80-85% wheat, to cut down on wheat imports. Pastries and luxury breads made with wheat flour will be banned.

Don't see comments? Click on the post title to view or post comments.

Today -100: August 2, 1926: Of poniards and Zangwill

A Catalan anarchist tries to assassinate Spanish dictator Miguel Primo de Rivera by throwing a dagger (poniard) at him as he drives by, as was the custom. It misses.

Mexico claims to have uncovered a plot to assassinate Pres. Plutarco Elías Calles.

Israel Zangwill, British novelist (pioneering locked-room mystery The Big Bow Mystery [1891]; Children of the Ghetto: A Study of a Peculiar People [1892]), playwright, Zionist, dies at 62.

Don't see comments? Click on the post title to view or post comments.

Today -100: August 1, 1926: It’s a miracle!

The cross on the spire of the Church of San Jerónimo in Mexico City has started shaking, obviously in protest at the government persecution of the Catholic Church.

The Catholic boycott campaign includes 2,000 car owners in Mexico City canceling their licenses.

Manuel Quezon, president of the Philippines Senate, says Filipinos want Governor-General Leonard Wood, who he calls “an amiable gentleman,” replaced by a civilian, even an American (Quezon will be president in a few years). He’s cautiously interested in US plans, promoted by Harvey Firestone, to grow rubber in the Philippines but doesn’t want the development of large plantations.

Texas Democratic county conventions meet and unanimously tell Gov. Miriam “Ma” Ferguson to resign – now – as she promised to do if she lost the primary.

Headline of the Day -100:

Don't see comments? Click on the post title to view or post comments.

Today -100: July 31, 1926: Of legations and med students

Mexican police fire into a crowd which refuses to leave the Church of San Rafael in the capital. The head of the Vatican’s legation is ordered out of the country within 24 hours, extended to 48 hours at the request of the Italian embassy.

Hungary thinks it has too many doctors, so it bans any new women medical students.

Don't see comments? Click on the post title to view or post comments.

Today -100: July 30, 1926: If Catholics, scarfaces, and evangelists

The Mexican government is expecting trouble when the anti-Catholic Church law comes into effect. Catholics are ordered disarmed, newspaper editors are arrested. Vatican officials are discussing putting an interdict on the whole country, although the pope is wary.

The state of Illinois admits that it doesn’t have enough evidence to charge Al Capone with the murder of Assistant State’s Attorney William McSwiggin, so he’s released from prison after one (1) day.

Aimee Semple McPherson, evangelist-extraordinaire, will be investigated by the L.A. County Grand Jury for perjury at the hearing into her alleged kidnapping. Witnesses have been called who saw her on her sex romp in Carmel when she was supposed to be tied up in a cabin in Mexico.

Don't see comments? Click on the post title to view or post comments.

Today -100: July 29, 1926: There’s a sucker list born every minute

The Poincaré government postpones submitting the war debt agreements with the US and Britain to parliament until at least the fall.

Abyssinia (Ethiopia) protests to the League of Nations, of which it is a member, against the agreement between Britain and Italy dividing Abyssinia into spheres of influence, giving Britain the right to build a dam on Lake Tsana to divert water to the Sudan and Italy the right to build a railroad to connect its colonies in Somaliland and Eritrea. Abyssinia, which is a real country and everything, was not invited to participate in the negotiations.

Charles Greenhaus, the former “Boy Wizard of Wall Street,” is on trial for fraud, as his custom (and will be for decades to come, really he got caught so many times), with his partner Henry Griffin for a Florida land scheme. He solicited people on a “sucker list” he’d purchased containing 38,000 names, at 2¢ a name, of people who’d fallen for various fraudulent or at least failed stocks in the past. He offered to take their worthless stocks in exchange for Florida land, which would need just a little  extra cash to pay off its mortgage so it could be sold to eager buyers who were definitely real and willing to pay large amounts... Greenhaus & Griffen will be found guilty and sentenced to 2 years and 1 year respectively.

Don't see comments? Click on the post title to view or post comments.

Today -100: July 28, 1926: Americans in Paris

Gen. Lincoln Andrews, head of federal Prohibition enforcement, has been in Britain for a while working out an agreement, the terms of which are not known and may be a, shhh, secret, for Britain to help prevent liquor-smuggling by doing things like  making sure smuggling vessels don’t acquire British registry, allowing US patrol boats to wander around the Bahamas, and exchanging information.

Coolidge blames the hostility recently shown to American tourists in Paris and elsewhere partly on the Americans themselves. I KNOW, American tourists abroad being boorish and rude!

The Mexican government plans to seize any churches whose priests abandon them, on the theory that the property was only ever loaned to the Church by its real owner, the state.

Texas Gov. Miriam Ferguson’s opponents are trying to force her to keep her promise that she’d resign if she lost the D. primary. She is threatening that if they don’t shut up about it, she’ll also reverse her decision not to take part in a run-off primary.

Don't see comments? Click on the post title to view or post comments.

Today -100: July 27, 1926: Of shaws, assassination-magnets, and dark bread

At his 70th birthday dinner, George Bernard Shaw gives the speech which the postmaster general refused to let the BBC broadcast because Shaw wouldn’t promise not to be controversial. His subject: censorship.

He comes out in favor of the Labour Party for, I think, the first time.

Robert Todd Lincoln, eldest son of Honest Abe, dies at 82. He was secretary of war 1881-5 and ambassador to Great Britain 1889-93, later becoming president of the Pullman Company. He rejected many offers to run for higher office. While he was not, as the NYT asserts, at Ford’s Theatre during his father’s assassination, he was a witness to the assassination of Pres. Garfield and was close to McKinley at the Pan-American Exposition when he was assassinated. Dude was just bad luck, is what I’m saying. An amateur astronomer, he built his own personal observatory. 

Texas Gov. Miriam “Ma” Ferguson will keep her pledge to resign if she lost the Democratic primary, which she has. Or will she? I thought she was supposed to resign immediately, but she’s calling a special session of the Legislature in September and talking about maybe quitting Nov. 1 if she’s completed all her work. 

Headline of the Day -100:

Don't see comments? Click on the post title to view or post comments.

Today -100: July 26, 1926: Of militias, illegal fractional meetings, and controversy

The Reichsbanner Schwarz-Rot-Gold, a pro-Weimar militia composed mostly of veterans, previously unarmed, will now arm its members with rifles, a few hundred thousand of them. The government says it has no objections. France might have some.

Grigory Zinoviev is also ousted from the Politburo, and Mikhail Lashevich is fired as assistant war minister for their “illegal conspirative” opposition campaign, including an “illegal fractional meeting” in the woods outside Moscow (which to be fair is exactly what they were engaged in).

George Bernard Shaw’s 70th birthday will be celebrated tomorrow by a dinner chaired by Ramsay MacDonald. It was supposed to be broadcast on the BBC, but Postmaster General Sir William Mitchell-Thomson refuses permission unless Shaw promises not to say anything “controversial.” Shaw responds that everything he says is highly controversial.

Don't see comments? Click on the post title to view or post comments.

Today -100: July 25, 1926: I will offer him a drink and take one with him even if it gags me

Grigory Zinoviev is ousted as chair of the Comintern after opposing Stalin. Who will have him executed in about a decade.

Col. Ned Green, Prohibition Administrator for Northern California and Nevada, is suspended for, among other things, holding parties in his office in which seized alcohol was served. Government agents go to his hotel room to seize his alcohol, although he points out that some of it is pre-Volstead and it isn’t illegal to have booze in your home and offer it to your guests. In fact, he claims not to know who keeps sending him all that liquor, it just kinda shows up. “If any friend or stranger calls on me I will offer him a drink and take one with him even if it gags me.” US Attorney George Hatfield says he’ll indict Green.

The new Poincaré Cabinet unveils its secret plan to stabilize French government finances: ask people to pay their taxes a bit before they’re actually due.

Don't see comments? Click on the post title to view or post comments.

Today -100: July 24, 1926: Unexcessive aspirations are the best kind of aspirations

Mussolini says Italy must expand “culturally and economically beyond her borders,” “but our imperialism presents no threat to the world’s peace” because surely no nation “would want to assume the grave responsibility of obstructing the achievement of such legitimate and, in reality, such unexcessive aspirations.”  “Our colonial aspirations do not constitute a menace for any one.” He plans to fulfill these aspirations through deals with other European colonial nations; he makes literally no references to the natives of these potential colonies and whatever their aspirations might be. He says the US resembles the Fascist State more than liberal democratic European nations: “Popular sovereignty is tempered by strong governmental authority. Universal suffrage elects the Government, but cannot interfere with its work”.

Raymond Poincaré succeeds in forming what could be called a government of national union. His cabinet includes 6 former primes minister and a broad range of parties; tomorrow the NYT will describe it as “largely composed of men who have in turn thrown each other out of office because of their opposition to the other’s proposals.”

Don't see comments? Click on the post title to view or post comments.

Today -100: July 23, 1926: Of tourists, free rides, beating roulette, and fly balls

French resentment against having to pay war debts is being taken out in Paris on British and American tourists, with jeering and the occasional beating. I KNOW, Parisians being rude to tourists!

The French deputies who yesterday asked Pres. Doumergue for a government of national union tell the man he chose to lead that government, Raymond Poincaré, no, not you, we didn’t mean you. The largest party in the Chamber, the Radical Socialists, thinks one of their own should be PM. Poincaré wants to reduce the size of the cabinet from something like 19 to something like 8 so that it can maybe get some things done for a change.

The Italian Fascist regime wants to popularize civil aviation, so it’s offering anyone who hasn’t previously ridden in an aeroplane a free ride.

Margaret Bondfield (Labour), who has been an MP before, is elected in the Wallsend by-election. Parliament now has 6 women MPs.

Prince Nikolai Massalski of Russia, in prison in Berlin awaiting trial for passing bad checks, has not wasted his time behind bars, inventing a sure-fire system for beating roulette, but the judges won’t let him out to use it to win enough money to cover his checks.

Babe Ruth catches a ball dropped from an airplane, which is a first. It takes a few tries before a ball isn’t blown off course on its way down.

Don't see comments? Click on the post title to view or post comments.

Today -100: July 22, 1926: It didn’t.

Édouard Herriot is defeated in the Chamber of Deputies, his government having lasted, what, 2 days? After he hands in his notice, 302 deputies petition Pres. Gaston Doumergue to form a government of national union, which they promise to actually support for once. So he asks Raymond Poincaré to do that. The government is seriously running out of funds and the condition of the franc is such that stores are closing rather than have to sell stuff for them.

Stephen Golombo of Paterson, NJ hangs himself because he thought his death would bring the end of the world.

Don't see comments? Click on the post title to view or post comments.

Today -100: July 21, 1926: Live your life so your obituary doesn’t contain the words “monster of iniquity”

Felix Dzerzhinsky, 48, head of the Soviet secret police under its various names, dies of a heart attack after giving a long speech to the Bolshevik Central Committee. He died doing what he loved, denouncing enemies of the state.

An unsigned Chicago Tribune editorial alliteratively titled “Pink Powder Puffs,” complains that the men’s room of a public ballroom has a face powder dispenser. “In a men’s washroom! Homo Americanus! Why didn’t someone quietly drown Rudolph Guglielmo, alias Valentino, years ago? ... It is time for a matriarchy if the male of the species allows such a thing to persist. Better a rule by masculine women than by effeminate men.” Valentino, who is genuinely deeply upset, challenges the author to a duel, maybe boxing or wrestling, since more lethal forms of dueling are sadly illegal in the US. The author will not respond.

Don't see comments? Click on the post title to view or post comments.

Today -100: July 20, 1926: Doing the best with the material left

Édouard Herriot succeeds in forming a cabinet, the 14th since 1920, which will surely last a super-long time. It’s not the government of aaalllll the parties he promised (not all deputies from even his own Radical Party back it), and most of the major French leaders remain outside. The NYT’s very sceptical Edwin James notes that Herriot’s invitation was refused by Poincaré, Briand, Tardieu, Marin, and Barthou: “Therefore Herriot has probably done the best he could with the material left.”  It doesn’t inspire confidence in the financial sector and the franc continues its plunge. Radio stations are prohibited from broadcasting exchange rates and market prices, to prevent the spreading of panic.

Don't see comments? Click on the post title to view or post comments.

Today -100: July 19, 1926: In which is revealed what is the greatest threat to the republic

Sen. William Borah (R-Idaho), hoping to ride a dry wave into the White House (to use a terrible metaphor), says the only way to take Prohibition out of politics is to enforce it. Attempts to repeal it, he says, are really attacks on the Constitution and nullification and are the greatest threat to the republic.

Édouard Herriot will attempt to form a government consisting of aaalllll the parties. He’s having some difficulty accomplishing that.

Texas Gov. Miriam “Ma” Ferguson is still leaving almost all her campaigning for re-election to her husband, impeached former governor James F., who is giving her credit for removing evolution from school textbooks and says Attorney Gen. Dan Moody “runs with the Ku Klux Klan at night” (he does not, but James wants to keep the Klan issue before the public so he can use it as a cudgel when he runs for US senator).

Don't see comments? Click on the post title to view or post comments.

Today -100: July 18, 1926: Boycotting ice cream? Ice cream?

The French Chamber of Deputies refuses Finance Minister Joseph Caillaux’s demand for fiscal dictatorial powers, 288-243. Aristide Briand’s Cabinet resigns. After formally resigning at the Presidential Palace, Briand says “Now I am a free man and I am going fishing tomorrow.”

The archbishop of Mexico City and others call for an economic boycott to start when the Calles decree comes into effect on the 31st. They are to refrain from coaches, fruit, ice cream, movies, lottery tickets, and non-religious schools, use as little electricity as possible, etc. etc.

Lithuania’s newish Populist-Socialist government lifts the 4-year-old state of siege, ends censorship of the mails, and releases all political prisoners.

Don't see comments? Click on the post title to view or post comments.

Today -100: July 17, 1926: Of rapes and marbles

Italy’s Fascist press is pointing to the demands of French Finance Minister Joseph Caillaux and Belgium’s King Albert for dictatorial powers to deal with the fall of their respective francs as demonstrating the failure of parliamentarism and the rise of fascist methods.

The Kenya Legislative Council passes a law imposing the death penalty for assaults on white women by native men. Black men can still rape black women with close to impunity, the Archdeacon of Kavirondo notes in letter to the London Times; last year a magistrate refused to convict in one case, saying rape was so common it was almost a tribal custom.

Alexander Philadelpheus, the most prominent Greek archaeologist, is campaigning for the British Museum to return the Elgin Marbles.

Don't see comments? Click on the post title to view or post comments.

Today -100: July 16, 1926: Which is the best kind of dictator

Albert, King of the Belgians, is “expected to be a good-natured dictator”.

The Aimee Semple McPherson grand jury hearings figure it out:  a gas station attendant in Salinas identifies her and Kenneth Ormiston, a former operator for her temple’s radio station, as having gotten gas 11 days after her alleged kidnapping. From there, they checked into a San Luis Obispo hotel (no, not the Madonna Inn, that didn’t exist yet) under false names. Other witnesses place her at locations that don’t fit her narrative.

I.F. Andrews, who was the drummer boy who played taps at Lincoln’s funeral, dies. After the war, he became a professional musician.

Don't see comments? Click on the post title to view or post comments.