Today -100: November 16, 1923: Of revitalized parties and territories

Sen. Hiram Johnson (R-Cal.) and William Gibbs McAdoo (D) announce their candidacies for president. Johnson calls for a “revitalized Republican Party, the instrument neither of static reaction nor destructive radicalism.” McAdoo just reminds everyone he’s Woodrow Wilson’s son-in-law, probably. 

The American Chamber of Commerce in the Philippines (i.e., white people), finding Filipino agitation for independence and opposition to appointed Gov.-Gen. Leonard Wood to be interfering with bidnizz, calls for the Philippines to be declared a territory, ending what little autonomy it has.

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Today -100: November 15, 1923: Yay Yeats

Former Crown Prince Friedrich Wilhelm, back in Silesia on his 50,000-acre estate, says he intends to mind his own business.

Germany will stop paying unemployment in the Rhineland and Ruhr on the 25th.

William Butler Yeats is awarded the Nobel Prize for literature.

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Today -100: November 14, 1923: Of reconciliations, passports, and crown princes

In the UK, the divided Liberal Party is divided no more. Asquith & Lloyd George reconcile and will march off into irrelevance hand in hand.

Germany denies having issued passports and visas to ex-kaiser Wilhelm.

France proposes that Germany be punished for letting the crown prince return and for non-compliance with Allied inspections of its military (Germany says it can’t ensure inspectors’ safety in the current climate) with the seizure of Hamburg.

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Today -100: November 13, 1923: Caught!

Hitler is captured.

Rumors say that former kaiser Wilhelm has received passports from Germany, will return, and he or his son will be reinstalled as kaiser next month.

The Supreme Court upholds California and Washington laws banning people who are barred from citizenship (i.e., Japanese) from owning land.

Albert Einstein flees Berlin after receiving anti-Semitic threatening letters.

Treasury Sec. Andrew Mellon proposes reducing taxes on earned income.

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Today -100: November 12, 1923: Monstrous fallacies are the worst kind of fallacy

Bavarian Dictator Gustav von Kahr calls the Beer Hall Putsch “utopian,” attempting “to pick the fruit before it was ripe.”

Winston Churchill declines to stand for Parliament in Bonar Law’s old seat. He does say that the Conservative Party’s turn towards protective tariffs is “a monstrous fallacy.” 

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Today -100: November 11, 1923: Of deeply ignoble shit, words of honor, and unexiles

Woodrow Wilson addresses the nation on radio through 3 powerful radio stations, other stations agreeing to go off air during the 10-minute speech. He calls the US’s isolationism since the Great War “deeply ignoble,” “cowardly and dishonorable.”

Ludendorff, who was indeed captured, is released on his word that he won’t do another coup. Reports are that he then went home and committed suicide. He did not.

Former Crown Prince Friedrich Wilhelm leaves his Dutch exile for his estate in Silesia. Everyone’s in a tizzy. The Allies present the Netherlands a note objecting to the departure, handing it over 15 minutes after the princeling crossed into Germany.

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Today -100: November 10, 1923: The beer probably didn’t help

The Beer Hall Putsch is over. 16 putschists are dead and a few cops.

There really doesn’t seem to have been a plan. Hitler declared a coup and then everyone sat around the beer hall drinking for several hours. Eventually, Erich Ludendorff shouts “We’re marching” and leads an attack on the Bavarian War Ministry. Today’s paper is saying the storm troops are fought off by soldiers (police?) and pretty easily dispersed. This is wrong. In fact, they occupy the building without a shot fired.

Bavarian “Dictator” Gustav von Kahr, Reichswehr Gen. Otto von Lossow, and police chief Col. Hans Ritter von Seisser, who had all pledged support for the putsch at the beer hall but were unaccountably then allowed to leave by Ludendorff after they solemnly promised to come back later (hoo boy was Hitler pissed at that one), now say they were acting under duress and didn’t mean it. God knows they’re all hostile enough to the federal German government and insubordinate to its orders that it was not unreasonable to assume they’d go along with the putsch.

Ludendorff and Hitler are variously reported to have been captured or to be in the wind, with Hitler possibly suffering a gunshot wound.

The NYT calls the attempted putsch “a crazy movement inspired and directed by persons better fitted for the comic opera stage than for a serious effort to overthrow the Berlin Government,” referring more to Ludendorff than Hitler, who the editorial fails to mention.

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Today -100: November 9, 1923: Of putsches with beverages

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This is the Beer Hall Putsch. Invading a meeting in the Bürgerbräukeller beer hall in Munich called by Bavaria Minister-President Eugen von Knilling, Hitler, accompanied by a few hundred SA, fires a shot into the ceiling,  shouting “The national revolution has broken out!” and announces the overthrow of Bavaria’s government, naming State Commissioner Gustav Ritter von Kahr as National Protector (Reichsverwehr) and Gen. Erich Ludendorff as head of the German army. Von Kahr takes a while to agree, saying he’s only doing it as a viceroy of Prince Rupprecht. Hitler says he’ll be German chancellor. He says there will be a march on Berlin.

In Berlin, a proclamation by Chancellor Gustav Stresemann and Pres. Friedrich Ebert points out that Hitler is a foreigner who only recently became a German citizen (actually, he hasn’t done that). “The success of this crazy mutiny can bring only a new catastrophe to Germany.”

No one thinks the army (Reichswehr) can be trusted to put down the putsch.

France warns Germany that it won’t tolerate a dictatorship in Germany.

The Netherlands says it will prevent former Crown Prince Friedrich Wilhelm going to Germany.

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Today -100: November 8, 1923: Of surpluses, duels, impeachments, and inspections

Candidates backed by the Ku Klux Klan sweep Ohio elections.

The Senate is investigating Charles Forbes, who was head of the Veterans’ Bureau until Harding fired him last February for continuing to sell off “surplus” hospital supplies, presumably for a kickback, after Harding told him to stop doing that. This was one of many, many, many grifts he engaged in, which I believe are only being made public now.

Supposedly Gen. Hans von Seeckt, commander-in-chief of the Reichswehr, challenges Chancellor Gustav Stresemann to a duel, evidently because he thinks the chancellor is being too soft on Bavaria.

The federal district court rejects Jack Walton’s request to stop his impeachment as Oklahoma governor.

France demands that Germany allow the resumption of inspections to ensure its military isn’t larger than the 100,000 allowed by the Versailles Treaty. I think the idea is to include all the paramilitary groups, storm troopers etc towards that limit.

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Today -100: November 7, 1923: Of elections, impatient fascisti, the influence of passion and prejudice, and hunger strikes

In yesterday’s elections, NY voters approved a bonus for veterans of the Great War. Ohio, by 56%, removes words in the state Constitution restricting the franchise to white males. Vermont elected Porter Dale (R) to the US Senate. Governors: Albert Ritchie (D) in Maryland, Henry Whitfield (D) in Mississippi, and William Fields (D) in Kentucky.

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This article entirely fails to mention the head of the Klan in Indiana, D.C. Stephenson, who will probably show up in the news at some point.

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The dick pics in question are paintings put up by former Ohio Sen. Charles Dick as collateral for a loan. His wife’s name, I mention for no particular reason, is Carrie Dick.

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Gov., er suspended Gov. Jack Walton of Oklahoma appeals to federal district court to stop his impeachment, saying he can’t get a fair trial in the state senate, where many members are “under the influence of passion and prejudice” against him.

The Glasgow Central Division Liberal Party invites Winston Churchill to stand for Parliament in the by-election to replace the late Andrew Bonar Law. Churchill, meanwhile, is suing Lord Alfred “Bosie” Douglas for libel.

Some of the IRA hunger strikers held by the Free State give up after being told that Éamon de Valera isn’t joining them.

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Today -100: November 6, 1923: Of knight hawks, traditional German sports, and crown princes

In Atlanta, Philip E. Fox, editor of the Ku Klux Klan newspaper The Knight Hawk, shoots dead William Coburn, lawyer for the Klan’s Wizard-Emeritus William Simmons.

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The German army masses on the Bavaria-Thuringia border to prevent Nationalist/monarchist/Nazi forces in the former attacking the latter. Pres. Ebert issues a proclamation warning of the dangers of civil war, saying that Germany has the facilities to put down any putsch and will use them ruthlessly.

The French military order German police out of Kaiserslautern’s town hall so separatists can occupy it and declare a Palatinate Republic.

During all this, former Crown Prince Friedrich Wilhelm has been given a passport by Germany allowing him to end his exile and move to Silesia, but the Allies are discussing whether to allow it.

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Today -100: November 5, 1923: Of Hitler bluffs

Wels, Austria, imposes a special tax on plays by Jewish and French authors.

The Third International says it’s the time for German Communists to take over Germany and form a Versailles-Treaty-busting army of all the unemployed.

Nationalists and Nazis are getting ready for some sort of action on the 7th. Would the Reichswehr fight back against a nationalist rising? Very unclear. Is this all a “typical Hitler bluff”? Er...

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Today -100: November 4, 1923: The Klan issue or anti-Klan issue will not be raised here

A Ku Klux Klan newspaper in the Southwest, Mayfield’s Weekly, announces opposition to the presidential candidacies of Sen. Oscar Underwood, Al Smith and, surprisingly, Henry Ford, who recently gave a special Lincoln to a Catholic Archbishop. They like William Gibbs McAdoo, though. 

In Morristown, New Jersey, black people accuse Republican candidates for county offices of being in sympathy with the Ku Klux Klan. Mayor Clyde Potts (which is as New-Jersey-mayor a name as it is possible to have) responds by threatening to have them arrested: “The Klan issue or anti-Klan issue will not be raised here... Anyone who attempts to incite race or religious feeling among us will be dealt with as a public enemy.”

A mixed-race or possibly Mexican man is lynched at Eufaula, Oklahoma.

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Today -100: November 3, 1923: Of sick days

New air speed record: 259 mph, by a US Navy plane.

“Rhineland Republic” separatists occupy the Aix-la-Chapelle Town Hall. Then Belgian troops kick them out of town (having to protect them from angry Aixlahoovians on the way out), evidently in response to pressure from Britain and the Netherlands, although it’s a little murky. France will not be pleased.

The 3 German Social Democratic members of  Stresemann’s cabinet withdraw. They’d given him an ultimatum regarding Saxony and Bavaria, and he literally faked illness to avoid answering them.

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Today -100: November 2, 1923: A dictatorship can last forever if properly managed

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His lawyers’ request to ask each senator if he’s a member of the Ku Klux Klan is denied.

At the Imperial Conference in London, Indians complain about their unequal treatment in other British colonies. Canada says Indians have full legal rights there, er, except for British Columbia. South Africa’s Jan Smuts says if he gave rights to Indians he’d have to give them to blacks and then where would white rule be?

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“A dictatorship can last forever if properly managed,” Mussolini tells foreign reporters. He brags about how few strikes there are now.

Chicago may lose the Republican Convention unless it offers more reasonable hotel rates (those smoke-filled rooms don’t come cheap). Cleveland will get the convention.

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Today -100: November 1, 1923: Picky picky picky

Britain reminds France and Belgium that the “Rhineland Republic” would violate the Versailles Treaty, which sets Germany’s borders.

Thousands of men of the many right-wing groups in Bavaria – monarchists, Hitlerites, etc. – are massing on the Thuringian border.

The German occupying forces allow the Saxon State Assembly to meet and elect a new prime minister, Socialist Alfred Fellisch, to replace the one they deposed.

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Today -100: October 31, 1923: Of fords, saxons, and reparations

Henry Ford’s secretary writes to the Ford Presidential Club saying Ford won’t accept any nomination.

The German Socialists in the Reichstag seem to be wimping out on opposing Stresemann’s deposition of the Saxon government. 

The European countries and the US will participate in an inquiry by a commission of experts into how much reparations Germany can afford, subject only to the French conditions that it not change anything in any way. Britain evidently thinks that the results will be so clear that France will be forced to accept them by the power of reasonableness.

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Today -100: October 30, 1923: Of saxons, expulsions, and angorra

Former British Prime Minister Andrew Bonar Law dies.

The Rhenish Republic says it will pay its share of reparations and blames the Great War on those fucking Prussians.

German troops are sent in to depose Saxony’s government, arrest Prime Minister Erich Zeigner and other members of his cabinet, and occupy public buildings in Dresden. Federal Chancellor Gustav Stresemann appoints Carl Heinze to rule Saxony. The Saxon State Assembly is ordered suspended. Communist newspapers are suppressed.

Bavaria’s dictator Gustav von Kahr orders the expulsion of 200 Jewish families who are German but not Bavarian. Their houses will be seized, ostensibly for refugees from the Ruhr. Hitler’s newspaper is publishing names of Jews who have yet to be expelled.

Turkey is now officially a republic, and its capital will be moved from Constantinople to Ankara (Angora).

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Today -100: October 29, 1923: Our government will last because we recognize the influence of will power in history

Saxony’s cabinet refuses Chancellor Gustav Stresemann’s demand that it resign, saying only the Saxon Diet can dismiss it.

Italy celebrates one year of Fascist rule. Mussolini: “Our government will last because we recognize the influence of will power in history, because we wish it to last, because we are ready to do anything to make it last, because we will systematically rout all our enemies, because our government is not merely the triumph of one party, but is the resurrection of our race.”

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Today -100: October 28, 1923: Germany is kind of a mess right now

Britain will oppose any attempt to establish the Rhineland Republic in its occupation zone (Cologne etc). Reuters reports that the French will officially recognize the separatist movement as lawful.

German Chancellor Gustav Stresemann demands the resignation of Saxony’s government (does he have any authority to do that?) and a new cabinet with no Communists. And oh-so-politely requests that Bavaria’s government stop asserting control over federal troops. Saxony’s is an elected but left-wing government while Bavaria’s is far-right, run by a “dictator,” bellicose towards neighboring Saxony and contemptuous of the central German government. 

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